In the world of programming, working with data is an incredibly crucial aspect of the job. It involves handling and manipulating it in ways that are useful for our programs.
One commonly used tool for this job is NumPy, a Python library for scientific computing. It provides a powerful array infrastructure for fast calculation and data analysis.
In this article, we will explore one of the basic tasks when working with data in NumPy – converting a list to a NumPy array. We will first introduce the syntax for this conversion before working our way through two examples.
Finally, we will provide additional resources for further learning. Converting a List to NumPy Array:
We will begin by discussing the syntax for converting a list to a NumPy array.
NumPy arrays come in two types – single-dimensional (1D) arrays and multi-dimensional (2D) arrays. The conversion of a list to a NumPy array can be done in a variety of ways, depending on the desired type of array.
Syntax for Converting a List to NumPy Array:
To convert a list to a NumPy array, we first need to import NumPy.
“`
import numpy as np
“`
Now, let’s convert a list to a 1D NumPy array using the `np.array()` function.
“`
list_1d = [1, 2, 3, 4]
array_1d = np.array(list_1d)
“`
The resulting `array_1d` will be `[1, 2, 3, 4]`.
Similarly, we can convert a list of lists to a NumPy array of arrays as follows:
“`
list_2d = [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]]
array_2d = np.array(list_2d)
“`
The resulting `array_2d` will be
“`
array([[1, 2],
[3, 4],
[5, 6]])
“`
Example 1: Convert List to NumPy Array:
Imagine that we have a list containing the temperatures in Celsius for a week. We want to convert this list to a NumPy array so that we can perform some calculations on it.
“`
temps_celsius = [15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21]
“`
To convert this list to a 1D NumPy array, we begin by importing NumPy and using the `np.array()` function. “`
import numpy as np
temps_array = np.array(temps_celsius)
“`
Our resulting `temps_array` should now be `[15 16 17 18 19 20 21]`. Now we can perform computations on the array directly.
“`
# Converting the temperature in Celsius to Fahrenheit
temps_fahrenheit = temps_array * 9/5 + 32
>>> temps_fahrenheit
array([59. , 60.8, 62.6, 64.4, 66.2, 68.
, 69.8])
“`
Example 2: Convert List of Lists to NumPy Array of Arrays:
Now let’s consider a more complex example where we would like to convert a list of lists to a NumPy array of arrays. Consider the following list of basketball players and their heights:
“`
players_heights = [[‘Michael Jordan’, 198],
[‘Kobe Bryant’, 198],
[‘LeBron James’, 206],
[‘Shaquille O’Neal’, 216]]
“`
We can convert this list of lists to a NumPy array using the `np.array()` function.
“`
import numpy as np
players_array = np.array(players_heights)
“`
Our resulting `players_array` should now be
“`
array([[‘Michael Jordan’, ‘198’],
[‘Kobe Bryant’, ‘198’],
[‘LeBron James’, ‘206’],
[‘Shaquille O’Neal’, ‘216’]], dtype=’ “` Note that by default, the NumPy array will choose the data type based on the input data. In this case, it has chosen a data type of “Unicode string of maximum length 17”.
To specify the data type explicitly, we can use the `dtype` parameter. “`
players_array = np.array(players_heights, dtype=str)
“`
Our resulting `players_array` should now be
“`
array([[‘Michael Jordan’, ‘198’],
[‘Kobe Bryant’, ‘198’],
[‘LeBron James’, ‘206’],
[‘Shaquille O’Neal’, ‘216’]], dtype=’ “` In conclusion, this article has shown how to convert a list to a NumPy array using syntax, provided examples, and shown additional resources for further learning.Additional Resources:
NumPy is an essential tool for data analysis in Python, and it is crucial for every programmer to learn the basics of working with it. For additional resources, we recommend the official NumPy documentation, online courses such as those offered by DataCamp, and the book “Python for Data Science Handbook” by Jake VanderPlas.
With these resources, you will have a powerful foundation upon which you can build your knowledge in data programming with NumPy.
In summary, this article has demonstrated the importance of converting lists to NumPy arrays while working with data in programming. We introduced the syntax for this conversion and provided two examples of converting a simple list and a list of lists.
The article emphasizes the significance of NumPy for data analysis in Python and highlights various resources for further learning. The takeaway is that learning NumPy basics is essential in the world of programming, and familiarity with it is a noteworthy asset for any programmer.